Numbers

Andy C++ has four number types:

Int: which is subdivided into Int64 and BigInt to support arbitrarily large numbers
Float: which is backed by an f64
Rational: which consists of two BigInts and represents a fraction
Complex: which is a pair of two f64’s

Operators

Operator	Function	Support augmented assignment ^[1]	Augmentable with `not`
`+`	Addition	`true`	`false`
`-`	Subtraction	`true`	`false`
unary `-`	Negation	`true`	`false`
`*`	Multiplication	`true`	`false`
`/`	Division (returns rational for integers)	`true`	`false`
`\`	Floor division (integer result, rounds toward negative infinity)	`true`	`false`
`^`	Exponentiation	`true`	`false`
`%`	C-style modulo (can be negative)	`true`	`false`
`%%`	Remainder of euclidean division	`true`	`false`
`==`	Strict equality	`false`	`true`
`<=`	Less or equal	`false`	`true`
`<`	Less than	`false`	`true`
`>=`	Greater or equal	`false`	`true`
`>`	Greater than	`false`	`true`
`!=`	Not equal	`false`	`true`
`<=>`	Compare	`false`	`false`
`>=<`	Reverse compare	`false`	`false`
`<>`	Concatenate string values	`true`	`false`

Integers also support these operations:

Operator	Function	Support augmented assignment ^[1]	Augmentable with `not`
`\|`	Bitwise OR	`true`	`false`
`&`	Bitwise AND	`true`	`false`
`~`	Bitwise XOR, or bitwise NOT in unary position	`true`	`false`
unary `~`	bitwise NOT	`true`	`false`
`>>`	Bitshift right	`true`	`false`
`<<`	Bitshift left	`true`	`false`

Andy C++ uses signed 64-bit integers until an expression overflows. At that point it switches to BigInt and computes the result with the num crate. You can compute very large numbers this way, but code such as a naive solution to Advent of Code 2022 - Day 11 may keep allocating until you run out of memory.

let result = 2 ^ 1024;

// Result: 179769313486231590772930519078902473361797697894230657273430081157732675805500963132708477322407536021120113879871393357658789768814416622492847430639474124377767893424865485276302219601246094119453082952085005768838150682342462881473913110540827237163350510684586298239947245938479716304835356329624224137216

Rational numbers and Floats

The math system keeps exact values unless you ask for a float. Dividing integers produces a rational number, not a float. An expression produces a float only when one of its operands is a float.

One exception exists: raising an integer to a rational power produces a float.

For example:

let result = 5^(1/2);

// result is Float because Int^ on Rational results in Float
assert_eq(result, 2.23606797749979); // Using == assertions on floats is risky

Complex numbers

Andy C++ supports complex numbers. Use either i or j as the imaginary unit. Create a complex number by combining a real part with an imaginary part.

let complex = 5.0 + 3.1j;
let result = complex * 1.3; // 6.5+4.03i
let result = complex + 5.3; // 10.3+3.1i

Keyboard shortcuts

Andy C++ Manual

Numbers

Operators

Integers

Rational numbers and Floats

Complex numbers